Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market By Vehicle Type (Passenger Carrier, Goods Carrier), By Battery Type (Lead-Acid, Lithium-Ion), By Battery Capacity Type (Less than 1,000 Watts, 1,000–1,500 Watts, Above 1,500 Watts) By Country, Competition, Forecast & Opportunities, 2020-2030F

Market Overview

Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market was valued at USD 15.58 Billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 22.45 Billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 6.30% during the forecast period. The Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market is growing rapidly due to rising consumer demand for cost-effective, eco-friendly, and efficient transportation solutions. Urban areas facing air pollution and traffic congestion are shifting to electric vehicles, particularly electric three-wheelers, as they offer significant benefits such as lower maintenance costs and energy efficiency. These vehicles are also gaining popularity in sectors like logistics and delivery, where their compact size and low fuel costs are particularly advantageous.

According to the Global Fuel Economy Initiative, fuel prices in Africa surged 30–40% in 2022, making electric alternatives far more attractive. Electric three-wheelers are up to 60% cheaper to operate, due to low energy use and minimal maintenance. In Sierra Leone’s UNEP-supported e-keke program, drivers benefit from reduced rental fees $1.5/day versus $5 for petrol vehicles. Meanwhile, the International Energy Agency (IEA) notes that electricity access in sub-Saharan Africa reached 50% in 2023, up from 43% in 2017, making electric three-wheelers viable for more regions.

Government incentives are also contributing to the growth of the market. Several initiatives, such as subsidies and tax breaks for electric vehicle manufacturers and buyers, are designed to reduce carbon emissions and promote environmentally friendly transportation. These measures, along with improvements in battery technology and charging infrastructure, are expected to enhance the accessibility and affordability of electric three-wheelers, further boosting their adoption.

The growth drivers, the market still faces challenges. Limited charging infrastructure, high initial costs, and low consumer awareness in certain regions remain significant obstacles. While demand for electric three-wheelers is rising, these challenges may slow the market’s growth unless resolved. However, as technology improves and government policies support the shift to electric mobility, these hurdles are expected to diminish, paving the way for continued growth in the market.

Market Drivers

Government Incentives and Policies

Governments in the Middle East and Africa are increasingly promoting electric vehicle (EV) adoption through various incentives such as tax exemptions, subsidies, and grants. These policies aim to reduce carbon emissions and encourage cleaner transportation options. Financial support for both manufacturers and consumers is helping to lower the upfront costs of electric three-wheelers. In addition, some regions have set specific targets to increase the share of electric vehicles in their transportation fleets. As a result, the push from governments to adopt sustainable mobility solutions is driving the growth of the electric three-wheeler market.

Growing Demand for Sustainable Transportation

Environmental concerns regarding air pollution and carbon emissions are motivating both individuals and businesses to seek eco-friendly transportation alternatives. Electric three-wheelers, with their lower carbon footprint, are becoming an attractive solution in densely populated urban areas. These vehicles help reduce pollution, making them well-suited for last-mile connectivity in metropolitan regions. The growing awareness of sustainability, combined with the demand for energy-efficient vehicles, is propelling the adoption of electric three-wheelers in both the private and commercial sectors. According to the World Bank, the transport sector is responsible for nearly 12% of Africa’s total greenhouse gas emissions, making decarbonization urgent. As per the African Development Bank (AfDB), over 85% of urban public transport is informal, heavily reliant on two- and three-wheelers. Electrifying this fleet with support from projects like UNEP’s electric mobility program, which reports over 1 million electric two- and three-wheelers already operating in Africa directly improves urban air quality. According to IRENA, Africa’s renewable capacity hit 62 GW in 2023, enabling clean, solar-powered charging solutions for electric three-wheelers.

Advancements in Battery and Charging Infrastructure

The development of more efficient and cost-effective batteries is a key driver for the growth of the electric three-wheeler market in the Middle East and Africa. These advancements have resulted in longer battery life and improved performance, making electric three-wheelers more viable for daily use. Moreover, expanding charging infrastructure is alleviating concerns about range anxiety and facilitating broader adoption. As charging networks increase in accessibility and convenience, electric three-wheelers are becoming more practical for consumers, contributing to the market's growth in the region. transportation. As the population continues to grow, the demand for affordable and reliable two-wheelers, along with the tires that support them, is expected to rise steadily.

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Key Market Challenges

High Initial Cost of Electric Three-Wheelers

The high upfront cost of electric three-wheelers remains a significant challenge for widespread adoption in the Middle East and Africa. Despite the long-term savings in fuel and maintenance, the initial investment is often higher compared to traditional internal combustion engine vehicles. This financial barrier makes it difficult for many individuals and small businesses to transition to electric three-wheelers. In regions with lower disposable incomes, the affordability of these vehicles becomes a major obstacle to market penetration. Without substantial financial support or incentives, many consumers remain hesitant to invest in electric models.

Limited Charging Infrastructure

The insufficient availability of charging stations in many parts of the Middle East and Africa presents a considerable challenge for the electric three-wheeler market. In many urban and rural areas, there are not enough charging facilities to support the growing number of electric vehicles. This lack of charging infrastructure creates range anxiety, making potential users reluctant to adopt electric three-wheelers due to concerns about running out of power during trips. The absence of a well-established and easily accessible charging network impedes the convenience and practicality of using electric vehicles daily. For example, in April 2024, Omega Seiki Mobility, in collaboration with Exponent Energy, unveiled the OSM Stream City Qik, a fast-charging electric three-wheeler. The vehicle can be fully charged in just 15 minutes using Exponent’s rapid charging network. This partnership aims to enhance the efficiency and accessibility of electric mobility solutions. The OSM Stream City Qik is designed to provide a quick and sustainable transport option for urban areas.

Limited Consumer Awareness and Acceptance

Consumer awareness and acceptance of electric three-wheelers remain limited in many regions of the Middle East and Africa. There is still a general lack of understanding regarding the benefits, operational efficiency, and cost savings associated with electric vehicles. Traditional vehicles have a stronghold in many markets, and shifting consumer mindset to electric alternatives requires considerable effort. Without proper education and awareness campaigns, consumers may not be fully aware of the long-term advantages of switching to electric three-wheelers, hindering their adoption in the region.

Key Market Trends

Integration of Renewable Energy with EV Infrastructure 

According to the International Renewable Energy Agency (IRENA), Africa’s renewable capacity grew to 62 GW in 2023, supporting EV infrastructure with clean energy. Sierra Leone’s electric three-wheeler project integrates solar-powered battery-swapping stations, ensuring reliable, emission-free operations even in off-grid areas. This approach addresses the continent’s energy gaps while promoting sustainable transport. Such renewable integration is rapidly becoming a model across MEA for electric three-wheeler deployment, especially in secondary cities with poor grid connectivity.

Electrification of Informal Transport Sector

According to UN Habitat’s 2023 Urban Mobility Report, over 60% of African cities lack formal public transport systems, relying heavily on informal fleets such as tuk-tuks and kekes. This makes the electrification of these modes a priority. The UNEP-led e-keke initiative in Sierra Leone, with backing from the EU’s SOLUTIONSPlus project, highlights how pilot programs are creating cost-effective, scalable models for cleaner urban transport. With most African urban dwellers depending on these vehicles, electrifying them ensures both climate and economic benefits.

Growth in Public-Private Investment Toward EV Adoption

According to the African Union’s 2023 Infrastructure Outlook, over USD 30 billion is being invested across MEA in urban sustainability projects, including EV hubs and smart grids. These investments align with UNEP and EU-backed programs that pilot electric mobility infrastructure in African cities. Sierra Leone’s launch of its first electric three-wheelers with government, UNEP, and EU collaboration is an example of such synergy. As more countries adopt similar models, the MEA region is set to become a dynamic hub for electric three-wheeler adoption.

Segmental Insights

Battery Capacity Insights

The Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market is segmented based on battery capacity into three categories, less than 1,000 watts, 1,000–1,500 watts, and above 1,500 watts. Each segment caters to specific consumer needs and preferences, reflecting the varying performance, range, and price points that electric three-wheelers offer. Electric three-wheelers with less than 1,000 watts of battery capacity are typically suited for short-distance urban commutes and last-mile delivery services. These vehicles are designed for low-energy consumption, making them ideal for city environments where speed is not a primary concern. The relatively small battery capacity also contributes to lower vehicle costs, making them an affordable option for small business owners and delivery services operating in densely populated areas. These vehicles are efficient for short-range trips and help reduce traffic congestion in urban areas.

The 1,000–1,500 watts battery capacity segment represents a balanced approach between performance and affordability. These electric three-wheelers typically offer a better range, and higher speeds compared to the less than 1,000-watt segment, making them suitable for mid-range commutes and longer delivery routes. This category is popular among users who require a balance of energy efficiency and extended range for applications like goods transportation, passenger services, and intercity deliveries. The vehicles in this segment often feature enhanced battery systems that provide sufficient power for more diverse and demanding usage.

Electric three-wheelers with battery capacities above 1,500 watts are designed for higher performance and longer operational hours. These vehicles cater to consumers and businesses that require more power and extended range for heavy-duty applications. They are ideal for long-distance travel, large cargo transport, or operating in more challenging terrains. With a higher energy output, they can support more demanding tasks, offering greater reliability and efficiency in regions with broader coverage requirements. The increased battery capacity translates into higher initial investment costs, but the improved range and power make these vehicles a cost-effective solution for businesses that rely on high-volume, long-distance transportation.

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Country Insights

In 2024, South Africa dominated the Electric Three-Wheeler (ETW) market in the Middle East and Africa (MEA) region, driven by factors such as strong governmental support, growing environmental concerns, and a shift towards sustainable mobility solutions. South Africa's urban areas are increasingly adopting electric vehicles, including three-wheelers, as part of a larger effort to reduce emissions and combat pollution. This has been coupled with the government's initiatives to promote clean energy alternatives, offering various incentives for the adoption of electric vehicles. 

South Africa's well-established infrastructure for both transportation and electricity supply has further facilitated the growth of the electric three-wheeler market. The country has an advanced road network and an expanding charging infrastructure, which has played a critical role in ensuring the practical usability of electric three-wheelers in both urban and rural areas. Moreover, the rising demand for electric delivery services, especially in food and goods transport, has created a lucrative market for electric three-wheelers, which are ideal for short trips and navigating through congested city streets.

Recent Developments

• In February 2025, Sierra Leone launched its first electric three-wheelers (e-kekes) to combat urban air pollution and promote clean transport. Backed by UNEP and the EU’s SOLUTIONSPlus project, the initiative aims to reduce emissions and enhance public health. With solar-powered battery-swapping stations and rental savings, the e-kekes offer a sustainable and economically viable alternative. A key focus is gender inclusion, targeting 30% female drivers and fostering job creation in the EV sector.
• In March 2024, Greaves Electric Mobility launched the Greaves Eltra City, an electric 3-wheeler passenger vehicle, powered by a 9.6 kW motor and a 10.8 kWh lithium-ion battery. The vehicle features a 14-degree gradability, 49 Nm of torque, and hill hold assist for a smooth ride. It is equipped with a 6.2" digital instrument cluster with IoT capabilities for real-time data and navigation. This innovation aims to enhance both driver and passenger experiences in urban environments.
• In October 2024, Kinetic Green launched a limited edition of the Safar Smart electric three-wheeler, offering both lead-acid and lithium battery options. The model was designed to provide versatility, with spacious accommodations for both passengers and cargo. This initiative aimed to cater to customers seeking practical solutions for urban mobility. The limited edition highlighted the company’s focus on innovation and customer-centric offerings.
• In January 2024 Hero-owned startup Surge unveiled the S32, an innovative e-scooter/three-wheeler hybrid, capable of converting from a three-wheeler to a two-wheeler in just 3 minutes. To accommodate this unique design, Surge and Hero collaborated with the Ministry of Road Transport and Highways to establish a new registration category, 'L2-5'. This category defines the vehicle as a "2-Wheeler-3-Wheeler Combi Module," allowing the two-wheeled and three-wheeled components to be separated or combined as needed. The launch marked a significant advancement in mobility solutions.

Key Market Players

• Piaggio Vehicles Pvt. Ltd.
• Mahindra Electric Mobility Ltd.
• E-Tuk Holding BV,
• Greaves Electric Mobility Limited
• OMEGA SEIKI MOBILITY
• TVS Motor Company
• Maxpro CNC Sp.z o.o.
• ZUPERIA AUTO PRIVATE LIMITED
• Atul Auto Limited
• Kabira Mobility Private Limited

Report Scope:

In this report, the Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

•         Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market, By Vehicle Type:
• Passenger Carrier
• Goods Carrier
•         Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market, By Battery Type:
• Lead-Acid
• Lithium-Ion
•         Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market, By Battery Capacity Type:
• Less than 1,000 Watts
• 1,000–1,500 Watts
• Above 1,500 Watts
•         Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market, By Country:
• Egypt
• Kenya
• Nigeria
• Morocco
• South Africa
• Rest of Middle East and Africa

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies presents in the Middle East and Africa Electric Three-Wheeler Market.

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Company Information

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