United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, By Cancer Type (Hepatocellular Carcinoma, Cholangiocarcinoma, Hepatoblastoma, Angiosarcoma, and Liver Metastasis), By Therapy (Targeted Therapy, Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy, Immunotherapy, and Others), By Equipment (Computed Radiography, Sonography, MRI, and Others), By Factors (Cirrhosis, Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease, Excessive Alcohol Consumption, and Others), By Route of Administration (Oral, Intravenous, and Others), By Distribution Channel (Hospital Pharmacies, Retail Pharmacies, and Online Pharmacies), By Region, Competition, Forecast and Opportunities, 2021-2031F

Forecast Period	2027-2031
Market Size (2025)	USD 945.83 Million
CAGR (2026-2031)	9.67%
Fastest Growing Segment	Hepatocellular Carcinoma
Largest Market	Midwest
Market Size (2031)	USD 1645.66 Million

Market Overview

The United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market will grow from USD 945.83 Million in 2025 to USD 1645.66 Million by 2031 at a 9.67% CAGR. Liver cancer therapeutics encompass a range of pharmaceutical interventions, including targeted therapies, immunotherapies, and chemotherapeutic agents, designed to treat hepatocellular carcinoma and intrahepatic bile duct malignancies. The market is primarily propelled by the escalating prevalence of chronic liver diseases such as hepatitis and metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease which necessitates advanced pharmacological management. This increasing disease burden is substantiated by recent statistics. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2025, an estimated 42,240 new cases of primary liver cancer and intrahepatic bile duct cancer were projected to occur in the United States. Consequently, the demand for effective therapeutic regimens continues to rise to address this critical public health concern.

However, the market faces a significant impediment regarding the substantial costs associated with novel drug development and patient treatment. The high price of advanced biologic therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors often leads to stringent reimbursement policies and limited patient accessibility. These financial barriers can restrict the widespread adoption of newly approved medications and delay market penetration thereby posing a considerable challenge to the overall expansion of the sector.

Key Market Drivers

The rapid adoption of immune checkpoint inhibitors and combination regimens has fundamentally altered the United States market, establishing a new standard of care for unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. Clinicians are increasingly prescribing dual-immunotherapy and immuno-oncology combinations that demonstrate superior efficacy over traditional tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This therapeutic shift is evidenced by the robust commercial uptake of key agents within the sector. According to AstraZeneca, February 2025, in the 'Full Year and Q4 2024 Results', sales of the checkpoint inhibitor Imfinzi increased by 18% in 2024, a performance driven largely by strong demand in the US market and expanded indications. This trend confirms that immunotherapy has become the cornerstone of modern management, compelling competitors to accelerate their own combination pipeline developments to capture market share.

Simultaneously, the sector is being reshaped by the rising incidence of hepatocellular carcinoma linked to metabolic dysfunction and obesity. As viral hepatitis rates are increasingly controlled, metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease (MASLD) is emerging as a dominant etiology, creating a substantial pool of at-risk patients. According to the American Liver Foundation, April 2024, in the 'Obesity.MASLD.MASH Fact Sheet', metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease affects an estimated 80 to 100 million people in the U.S., significantly increasing the potential caseload for liver malignancies. This epidemiological transition necessitates therapies that address both oncological and metabolic pathways. The urgency for effective treatments is further highlighted by mortality statistics; according to the National Cancer Institute, in 2024, approximately 29,840 deaths were attributed to liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancer in the United States, reinforcing the critical demand for advanced therapeutic options.

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Key Market Challenges

The substantial costs associated with novel drug development and patient treatment act as a formidable barrier to the growth of the United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market. Advanced biologic therapies and immune checkpoint inhibitors command premium pricing structures due to their complex manufacturing and rigorous research requirements. These elevated costs often trigger stringent reimbursement policies from private and government payers, creating significant delays in treatment initiation and restricting patient access. Consequently, the market experiences slower adoption rates for newly approved agents, directly curtailing potential revenue volume and impeding the sector’s commercial expansion.

This economic impediment severely limits the market's ability to address the urgent clinical demand. Despite the availability of therapeutic innovations, the gap between treatment eligibility and actual accessibility contributes to persistent poor outcomes, effectively shrinking the realizable market size. This disconnect is highlighted by the continued high mortality figures which suggest that effective treatments are not reaching all patients who require them. According to the American Cancer Society, in 2025, approximately 30,090 deaths were projected to occur due to primary liver and intrahepatic bile duct cancers in the United States. This statistic underscores a market inefficiency where financial toxicity prevents effective therapeutic regimens from reaching the wider patient population, thereby hampering overall market penetration.

Key Market Trends

The growing preference for oral targeted therapeutics is emerging as a critical trend in the United States market, driven by the dual goals of improving patient compliance and sustaining quality of life in advanced disease settings. While intravenous immunotherapies dominate frontline care, clinicians are increasingly prioritizing oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) for second-line treatment and maintenance due to their ease of administration and independence from hospital infusion schedules. This shift towards convenient, home-based regimens is fostering significant commercial growth for established oral agents. According to Exelixis, May 2025, in the 'First Quarter 2025 Financial Results', net product revenues for the cabozantinib franchise in the U.S. reached $513.3 million, representing a robust 36% increase compared to the same period in the previous year. This substantial revenue expansion underscores the market's reliance on effective oral therapies that bridge the gap between clinical efficacy and patient convenience.

Simultaneously, the sector is experiencing a rapid implementation of artificial intelligence in drug discovery, aimed at overcoming the high failure rates associated with traditional hepatocellular carcinoma target identification. Pharmaceutical companies are integrating generative AI platforms to decipher complex biological data and design novel molecules for historically "undruggable" liver cancer targets, thereby drastically reducing development timelines. This technological evolution is streamlining the transition from early research to clinical trials. According to Insilico Medicine, June 2025, in a corporate update regarding a study published in 'Nature Communications', the company utilized its AI-driven platform to identify and validate a novel ENPP1 inhibitor candidate for hepatocellular carcinoma, successfully compressing the timeline from target discovery to candidate selection to just 13 months. Such efficiency highlights how digital biology is becoming a fundamental driver of pipeline innovation in the liver cancer space.

Segmental Insights

Hepatocellular Carcinoma represents the fastest growing segment in the United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, primarily driven by the increasing prevalence of this condition nationwide. This rapid expansion is further propelled by recent regulatory milestones from the United States Food and Drug Administration, which has authorized several new targeted therapies and immunotherapies. The introduction of these distinct pharmacological options addresses a critical unmet medical need for patients with this specific malignancy. Consequently, the widespread adoption of these approved regimens is significantly driving the upward trajectory of the Hepatocellular Carcinoma segment.

Regional Insights

Based on recent market analysis, the Midwest US dominates the United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, primarily due to its dense concentration of top-tier academic medical centers and research institutions. Renowned facilities, such as the Mayo Clinic and Cleveland Clinic, act as central hubs for the early adoption of advanced immunotherapies and targeted drug regimens, driving significant regional revenue. Furthermore, data indicates a sustained rise in the utilization of antineoplastic agents across the Midwest, contrasting with usage plateaus in other regions. This dominance is reinforced by robust healthcare infrastructure and high patient access to specialized clinical trials for lifestyle-related liver conditions.

Recent Developments

• In October 2024, Tempest Therapeutics announced a strategic supply agreement with Roche to advance a novel combination therapy into a pivotal Phase 3 clinical trial for first-line hepatocellular carcinoma. Under this collaboration, the company planned to evaluate its investigational PPAR-alpha antagonist, amezalpat, in combination with Roche’s atezolizumab and bevacizumab. The study was designed to compare this triplet regimen against the current standard of care in patients with unresectable or metastatic liver cancer. This agreement highlighted the growing focus on innovative combination strategies in the United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, as companies seek to enhance patient outcomes by targeting the tumor microenvironment alongside established immune checkpoint inhibitors.
• In August 2024, Bristol Myers Squibb achieved a significant regulatory milestone when the U.S. Food and Drug Administration accepted its supplemental Biologics License Application for a dual immunotherapy regimen. The application sought approval for the combination of nivolumab and ipilimumab as a first-line treatment for adult patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. This submission was supported by data from the Phase 3 CheckMate-9DW trial, which had demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in overall survival compared to standard tyrosine kinase inhibitors. This development indicated a potential expansion of chemotherapy-free therapeutic options in the United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, offering a new avenue for improving long-term survival in advanced disease.
• In May 2024, Elevar Therapeutics received a Complete Response Letter from the U.S. Food and Drug Administration regarding the New Drug Application for its combination therapy aimed at treating unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma. The regulatory agency cited deficiencies related to Good Manufacturing Practices at the production facility for the partner's PD-1 inhibitor, as well as pending bioresearch monitoring inspections due to travel restrictions. Importantly, the agency did not raise any concerns regarding the clinical efficacy or safety data submitted from the pivotal Phase 3 trial. This regulatory setback delayed the potential market entry of the rivoceranib and camrelizumab combination, which had been anticipated to become a new first-line option in the United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market.
• In January 2024, AstraZeneca reported positive high-level results from the Phase III EMERALD-1 clinical trial, which evaluated a novel immunotherapy-based regimen for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma eligible for embolization. The study demonstrated that the combination of durvalumab, transarterial chemoembolization, and bevacizumab achieved a statistically significant improvement in progression-free survival compared to the standard of care alone. This breakthrough marked the first time an immunotherapy combination showed superior clinical outcomes in this specific locoregional setting. The successful trial data positioned the company to potentially establish a new treatment standard within the United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, addressing a significant unmet need for patients with earlier-stage liver cancer.

Key Market Players

• AstraZeneca
• Bristol-Myers Squibb Company
• Merck & Co. Inc
• Novartis International AG
• Eli Lilly and Company
• Pfizer Inc
• Roche Holding AG
• Ipsen S.A.
• Eisai Co., Ltd.
• Exelixis, Inc.

By Cancer Type	By Therapy	By Equipment	By Factors	By Route of Administration	By Distribution Channel	By Region
Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cholangiocarcinoma Hepatoblastoma Angiosarcoma Liver Metastasis	Targeted Therapy Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy Immunotherapy Others	Computed Radiography Sonography MRI Others	Cirrhosis Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Excessive Alcohol Consumption Others	Oral Intravenous Others	Hospital Pharmacies Retail Pharmacies Online Pharmacies	Northeast Midwest South West

Report Scope:

In this report, the United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

• United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, By Cancer Type:

• Hepatocellular Carcinoma
• Cholangiocarcinoma
• Hepatoblastoma
• Angiosarcoma
• Liver Metastasis

• United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, By Therapy:

• Targeted Therapy
• Chemotherapy and Radiation Therapy
• Immunotherapy
• Others

• United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, By Equipment:

• Computed Radiography
• Sonography
• MRI
• Others

• United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, By Factors:

• Cirrhosis
• Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease
• Excessive Alcohol Consumption
• Others

• United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, By Route of Administration:

• Oral
• Intravenous
• Others

• United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, By Distribution Channel:

• Hospital Pharmacies
• Retail Pharmacies
• Online Pharmacies

• United States Liver Cancer Therapeutics Market, By Region:

• Northeast
• Midwest
• South
• West