Synthetic Biology Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Technology (NGS Technology, PCR Technology, Genome Editing Technology, Bioprocessing Technology, Other Technologies), By Product (Oligonucleotide/Oligo Pools and Synthetic DNA, Enzymes, Cloning Technologies Kits, Xeno-Nucleic Acids, Chassis Organism), By End user (Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Companies, Academic and Government Research Institutes, Others), By Region and Competition, 2021-2031F

Forecast Period	2027-2031
Market Size (2025)	USD 12.81 Billion
CAGR (2026-2031)	5.89%
Fastest Growing Segment	PCR Technology
Largest Market	North America
Market Size (2031)	USD 18.06 Billion

Market Overview

The Global Synthetic Biology Market will grow from USD 12.81 Billion in 2025 to USD 18.06 Billion by 2031 at a 5.89% CAGR. Synthetic biology involves the engineering of biological components and systems to create novel functionalities or redesign existing biological systems for practical purposes. The market is primarily supported by the significant reduction in DNA sequencing and synthesis costs, combined with increasing industrial demand for renewable, bio-based alternatives to conventional chemicals and materials. These structural drivers provide a solid foundation for long-term development, distinguishing them from temporary technological adoptions by addressing essential needs in supply chain resilience and environmental sustainability.

Nevertheless, the sector encounters a substantial challenge in the scalability of biomanufacturing, as transitioning from laboratory scale to commercial production involves complex technical and economic constraints. Despite this hurdle, investment activity remains resilient, reflecting strong stakeholder interest in the field's commercial potential. According to SynBioBeta, in 2024, global venture investment in the synthetic biology sector reached $12.2 billion, indicating renewed capital confidence and a continued commitment to advancing these technologies toward market maturity.

Key Market Drivers

The integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning constitutes a transformative driver for the global synthetic biology market, fundamentally altering the speed and accuracy of biological engineering. These computational tools enable the predictive modeling of complex biological systems, allowing researchers to design novel proteins and interactions without the need for exhaustive trial-and-error experimentation. This technological convergence significantly accelerates drug discovery and material science applications by deciphering biological data that was previously too complex to analyze efficiently. According to Google DeepMind, May 2024, in the 'AlphaFold 3 predicts the structure and interactions of all of life’s molecules' blog post, the newly released AlphaFold 3 model achieves at least a 50% improvement in prediction accuracy for protein interactions with other molecule types compared to previous methods. Such precision reduces development costs and shortens timelines, thereby encouraging broader industrial adoption of synthetic biology solutions.

Increasing government funding and private investment further propel market growth by providing the necessary capital to scale innovations from the laboratory to commercial viability. Public sector initiatives are increasingly prioritizing engineering biology to enhance national supply chain resilience and biosecurity, while private capital flows into companies demonstrating revenue potential and operational scalability. According to UK Research and Innovation, November 2024, in the 'UKRI invests £5.8m in engineering biology' news release, the organization announced a £5.8 million investment to support seed corn and proof-of-concept initiatives aimed at commercializing engineering biology breakthroughs. This sustained financial momentum underpins the sector's expansion, evidenced by the robust performance of key industry players who are effectively monetizing these technologies. According to Twist Bioscience, in 2024, the company reported a record fiscal year revenue of $313.0 million, highlighting the escalating global demand for synthetic DNA and genomic tools.

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Key Market Challenges

Scalability in biomanufacturing represents the most significant structural impediment to the expansion of the Global Synthetic Biology Market. The transition from laboratory-scale experiments to industrial-grade commercialization creates complex technical hurdles, as biological systems often exhibit unstable behaviors and reduced yields when expanded to larger volumes. This technical inconsistency effectively prevents companies from achieving the unit economics necessary to compete with established petrochemical products. Furthermore, the global supply chain suffers from a distinct lack of fit-for-purpose infrastructure, forcing innovators to rely on aging pharmaceutical facilities that are not optimized for the low-margin cost structures required for industrial chemicals or food ingredients.

This infrastructure deficiency has created a measurable disparity in the market's ability to meet commercial needs. According to SynBioBeta, in 2024, the industry contended with a critical shortage where the global demand for fermentation capacity exceeded the available supply by approximately 10 to 100 times, depending on the production scale. This lack of accessible manufacturing bandwidth significantly delays product launches and restricts the industry’s ability to generate revenue, thereby directly stalling the broader market adoption of synthetic biology technologies.

Key Market Trends

The transition to Enzymatic DNA Synthesis Technologies is reshaping the market by replacing traditional chemical phosphoramidite methods with efficient, enzyme-based manufacturing. This shift addresses the critical demand for longer, more complex DNA sequences required in metabolic engineering and genomic research, while simultaneously eliminating the need for hazardous organic solvents. The rapid maturation of this technology is driving significant capital allocation toward companies capable of delivering commercial-scale solutions, validating the industry's move away from legacy chemical processes. According to Ansa Biotechnologies, October 2025, in the 'Ansa Biotechnologies Secures $54.4 Million in Series B Financing' press release, the company closed an oversubscribed $54.4 million funding round to expand the manufacturing capacity of its proprietary enzymatic synthesis platform, highlighting the sector's pivot toward this sustainable production standard.

The commercialization of synthetic biology in cellular agriculture is advancing beyond the research phase, with companies securing substantial funding to scale operations and penetrate global food markets. This trend reflects a strategic focus on establishing unit economics that rival conventional meat production, supported by specialized investment banking partnerships designed to accelerate market entry. This progression is evident as leading players transition from pilot facilities to industrial-grade output to meet consumer demand for sustainable protein sources, effectively moving products from lab benches to retail supply chains. According to Meatable, November 2025, in the 'Meatable Joins Forces With Desmos Capital Partners for Next Funding Round' announcement, the company partnered with an investment bank to place €30 million of capital aimed at establishing the firm as a global leader in the cultivated meat sector.

Segmental Insights

The PCR Technology segment is identified as the fastest-growing category within the Global Synthetic Biology Market due to its essential role in gene synthesis and sequencing applications. This robust expansion is driven by the critical need for DNA amplification to support gene cloning and mutagenesis workflows. Furthermore, the rising adoption of molecular biology tools for creating synthetic genetic libraries has intensified the demand for reliable validation methods. Consequently, research institutions and pharmaceutical companies utilize these techniques to ensure the accuracy of genetic modifications, thereby accelerating the development of novel therapeutics and bio-based products.

Regional Insights

North America holds a dominant position in the Global Synthetic Biology Market, primarily due to robust research infrastructure and substantial government backing. Organizations such as the National Institutes of Health and the National Science Foundation provide essential funding that supports the development of new biological technologies. Furthermore, established regulatory frameworks from agencies like the US Food and Drug Administration offer necessary clarity for product approval, reducing barriers to entry for commercial entities. This strong alignment between public investment and regulatory policy creates a stable environment that fosters continuous market expansion across the region.

Recent Developments

• In November 2024, Codexis presented breakthrough data regarding its proprietary ECO Synthesis manufacturing platform at a major industry conference in Europe. The company demonstrated the successful end-to-end enzymatic synthesis of a commercially approved siRNA therapeutic, showcasing the technical viability of its novel approach. By utilizing engineered enzymes instead of traditional chemical processes, the platform achieved high coupling efficiencies and purity levels. This research advancement highlights the potential for enzymatic synthesis to resolve scalability and sustainability challenges inherent in the current production of oligonucleotide therapeutics, marking a significant step forward for the application of synthetic biology in drug manufacturing.
• In August 2024, Twist Bioscience and bitBiome announced the launch of a joint Transaminase Enzyme Screening Kit, a product designed to facilitate biocatalysis in pharmaceutical manufacturing. This new offering combines the former's high-capacity silicon-based DNA synthesis technology with the latter's extensive database of microbial genomes. The kit features a curated collection of forty-eight diverse transaminase enzymes, which can be used by researchers to synthesize chiral amines, a crucial component in drug development. This collaboration aims to provide a sustainable alternative to traditional chemical synthesis methods by enabling the discovery and engineering of novel enzymes for industrial applications.
• In April 2024, Ginkgo Bioworks announced an expansion of its strategic partnership with Novo Nordisk under a new framework agreement spanning five years. The collaboration focuses on improving the manufacturing processes for the pharmaceutical company's portfolio of medicines, specifically targeting serious chronic diseases like diabetes and obesity. The companies aim to enhance research and development efficiency and engineering capabilities to create scalable manufacturing solutions. This expanded alliance builds upon previous work and allows the partner to access the synthetic biology company's diverse platform services, from early discovery through to production, to accelerate the development of innovative therapeutics.
• In January 2024, Novozymes and Chr. Hansen officially completed their statutory merger, establishing a new global entity named Novonesis. This significant combination brings together a comprehensive portfolio of biological solutions, including enzymes and microbial technologies, to serve diverse markets such as agriculture, food, and human health. The newly formed company aims to leverage its combined expertise to drive innovation in biosolutions and sustainability. The completion of this merger creates a leading player in the industry, uniting thousands of employees and research centers worldwide to address global challenges through the application of biological engineering and industrial biotechnology.

Key Market Players

• Bota Biosciences Inc.
• Codexis, Inc.
• Enbiotix, Inc.
• Illumina, Inc.
• Sigma-Aldrich Co. Llc
• Pareto Bio, Inc.
• Scarab Genomics, Llc
• Synthego Corporation
• Synthetic Genomics Inc.
• Thermo Fisher Scientific, Inc.

By Technology	By Product	By End user	By Region
NGS Technology PCR Technology Genome Editing Technology Bioprocessing Technology Other Technologies	Oligonucleotide/Oligo Pools and Synthetic DNA Enzymes Cloning Technologies Kits Xeno-Nucleic Acids Chassis Organism	Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Companies Academic and Government Research Institutes Others	North America Europe Asia Pacific South America Middle East & Africa

Report Scope:

In this report, the Global Synthetic Biology Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

• Synthetic Biology Market, By Technology:

• NGS Technology
• PCR Technology
• Genome Editing Technology
• Bioprocessing Technology
• Other Technologies

• Synthetic Biology Market, By Product:

• Oligonucleotide/Oligo Pools and Synthetic DNA
• Enzymes
• Cloning Technologies Kits
• Xeno-Nucleic Acids
• Chassis Organism

• Synthetic Biology Market, By End user:

• Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Companies
• Academic and Government Research Institutes
• Others

• Synthetic Biology Market, By Region:

• North America
• United States
• Canada
• Mexico
• Europe
• France
• United Kingdom
• Italy
• Germany
• Spain
• Asia Pacific
• China
• India
• Japan
• Australia
• South Korea
• South America
• Brazil
• Argentina
• Colombia
• Middle East & Africa
• South Africa
• Saudi Arabia
• UAE