North America Low Carbon Building Market By Type (Energy-Efficient Materials, Renewable Energy Systems, Low Carbon HVAC Systems, Green Building Certifications, Others), By Application (Commercial, Residential, Industrial), By Country, Competition, Forecast and Opportunities, 2020-2030F

Market Overview

North America Low Carbon Building Market was valued at USD 235.04 Billion in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 373.83 Billion by 2030 with a CAGR of 8.04% during the forecast period. The North America low carbon building market refers to the segment of the construction industry focused on designing, constructing, and operating buildings that significantly reduce greenhouse gas emissions through energy-efficient materials, renewable energy integration, sustainable design, and eco-friendly construction methods.

This market includes residential, commercial, and industrial buildings that adhere to green building standards, such as Leadership in Energy and Environmental Design and Net Zero Energy Building principles, using technologies like solar panels, high-performance insulation, efficient HVAC systems, and low-emission building materials. The growth of this market is being driven by multiple interrelated factors, primarily the increasing urgency to combat climate change, which has prompted federal, state, and municipal governments across North America to implement stricter energy codes, building performance standards, and carbon reduction targets.

These regulations are incentivizing builders and developers to adopt low carbon strategies through tax credits, subsidies, and green certifications. At the same time, growing consumer awareness and preference for environmentally responsible living is accelerating demand for low carbon homes and offices, as occupants prioritize long-term energy savings, healthier indoor environments, and reduced environmental footprints. Institutional investors and corporations are increasingly aligning their real estate portfolios with environmental, social, and governance criteria, thereby channeling more capital toward sustainable building projects. Technological advancements are also playing a pivotal role, as innovations in energy modeling software, smart building systems, and prefabricated low-emission components are making it easier and more cost-effective to build low carbon structures.

The rising costs of traditional energy sources and the need for resilience against climate-related risks, such as extreme weather events, are encouraging adoption of energy-efficient and durable building solutions. As governments introduce carbon pricing and enforce climate disclosure requirements, the financial risk of high-emission buildings is growing, creating a market advantage for low carbon alternatives. With over 40% of North America's carbon emissions linked to the built environment, this market is poised for significant growth as stakeholders across the construction value chain increasingly prioritize decarbonization to align with environmental goals and future-proof their assets.

Key Market Drivers

Government Regulations and Policy Incentives Driving Sustainable Construction

The North America low carbon building market is experiencing accelerated growth primarily due to the robust regulatory frameworks and policy mechanisms enacted by federal, state, and municipal governments to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from the built environment. Governments across the United States and Canada have identified the construction sector as a pivotal area for decarbonization, given that buildings account for approximately 40 percent of total carbon emissions in North America. In response, jurisdictions are tightening building energy codes, mandating sustainability benchmarks, and incorporating performance-based standards that compel the adoption of low carbon construction practices. For instance, several U.S. states, including California, New York, and Massachusetts, have implemented zero-emission building mandates for new construction that align with broader climate action plans aiming for carbon neutrality by 2050. Similarly, Canada’s National Building Code is being revised to incorporate net-zero energy-ready targets by 2030.

In addition to mandates, incentives such as federal tax credits, green loan programs, and grants are being deployed to stimulate investment in low carbon building technologies. The Inflation Reduction Act in the United States allocates over 370 billion dollars toward clean energy and climate programs, a portion of which supports green building development through extended energy efficiency credits. These governmental efforts are creating a regulatory environment where compliance not only avoids penalties but also unlocks financial benefits, effectively reducing the cost barrier to sustainable construction. Furthermore, public procurement policies are increasingly requiring environmental product declarations and life cycle assessments for materials used in publicly funded infrastructure, pushing manufacturers and developers to prioritize carbon efficiency. With ongoing revisions to energy performance standards and the tightening of emissions-related building regulations, the demand for low carbon materials, technologies, and design expertise is expanding rapidly, positioning this market as a long-term opportunity for investors, developers, and technology providers. As of 2024, more than 80 jurisdictions in the United States have adopted or committed to adopting net-zero building codes, covering over 110 million people, according to data from the U.S. Department of Energy.

Rising Energy Costs Accelerating Demand for Energy-Efficient Buildings

The North America low carbon building market is being increasingly propelled by the sharp rise in energy costs, which has significantly enhanced the economic rationale for adopting energy-efficient building design and low carbon technologies. In both the United States and Canada, utility rates for electricity and heating fuels have surged due to inflation, grid constraints, and the global energy supply imbalance driven by geopolitical tensions and climate-related disruptions. As energy expenses constitute a substantial portion of operating costs for residential, commercial, and industrial buildings, stakeholders are prioritizing investments in low carbon solutions that minimize energy consumption and improve building performance. Advanced insulation, high-efficiency glazing, intelligent lighting systems, smart thermostats, and integrated building management platforms are now critical components in modern construction, enabling long-term cost savings and reducing exposure to volatile energy prices. Building owners and tenants are increasingly adopting renewable energy systems such as rooftop solar, geothermal heating, and battery storage to offset consumption from traditional grid sources and gain greater control over energy expenditures.

This transition is not only helping to lower operational costs but also aligning with broader environmental goals, making low carbon buildings an attractive proposition from both economic and ecological perspectives. In addition, energy performance benchmarking programs in major cities like New York, Toronto, and Vancouver are compelling building owners to disclose and improve energy use intensity, thus encouraging retrofitting and sustainable construction practices. As building codes continue to raise energy efficiency requirements, low carbon construction becomes the most cost-effective path to regulatory compliance. The rising operational savings from reduced energy use over the building lifecycle is increasingly offsetting the marginal upfront costs associated with low carbon construction, making it a financially viable choice for developers and property managers alike. In 2023, the average retail price of electricity in the United States increased by nearly 12 percent year-over-year, reaching 15.9 cents per kilowatt-hour, making energy efficiency measures in new construction and retrofits more financially compelling than ever.

Consumer Demand for Sustainable and Healthy Living Spaces

The North America low carbon building market is gaining substantial traction as consumers increasingly prioritize sustainability, wellness, and environmental responsibility in their housing and workspace choices. There is a pronounced shift in consumer behavior, driven by heightened awareness of climate change, indoor air quality, and environmental footprint, which is translating into rising demand for homes and buildings constructed using low carbon methods. Modern homebuyers and tenants, especially younger generations such as millennials and Generation Z, are actively seeking properties that offer high energy performance, use low-emission materials, and provide enhanced indoor environmental quality. Attributes such as passive design, natural ventilation, daylighting, and the integration of non-toxic and recycled materials are no longer viewed as luxury features but essential components of contemporary building design. Furthermore, consumers are demonstrating a willingness to pay premiums for sustainable buildings that offer long-term health and cost-of-living benefits. This is reflected in increased uptake of green-certified housing, energy-efficient retrofits, and smart home technologies that support energy conservation. Health-conscious consumers are particularly drawn to low carbon buildings that maintain optimal humidity levels, reduce volatile organic compound emissions, and improve thermal comfort—all of which contribute to enhanced well-being.

Public education campaigns and environmental advocacy have played a significant role in shaping consumer perceptions and encouraging demand-side action. In urban areas, sustainability-conscious communities are advocating for eco-friendly developments, and homeowner associations are implementing green standards for new projects. This groundswell of consumer demand is influencing developers, architects, and planners to integrate low carbon principles from the earliest stages of project planning, ensuring that environmental performance aligns with evolving market expectations. As lifestyle preferences continue to evolve toward sustainability and wellness, low carbon buildings are poised to become the standard rather than the exception in North American real estate. A 2023 consumer survey conducted by a leading university found that over 70 percent of homebuyers in North America consider energy efficiency and sustainability as top priorities when selecting a home, up from 56 percent in 2018.

Technological Advancements Enabling Scalable Low Carbon Construction

Technological innovation is a pivotal driver behind the expansion of the North America low carbon building market, enabling the development of scalable, efficient, and economically viable construction practices that significantly reduce carbon emissions. Breakthroughs in construction technology are reshaping how buildings are designed, built, and operated, leading to a paradigm shift in the sustainability of the built environment. Advanced modeling software and digital twin technologies now allow architects and engineers to simulate building performance at the design stage, optimizing energy use and material selection for minimal environmental impact. Prefabrication and modular construction techniques, coupled with robotic automation and additive manufacturing, are enabling precision-driven, waste-reducing building processes that lower embodied carbon. Additionally, innovations in low carbon materials—such as carbon-sequestering concrete, engineered timber, and bio-based insulation—are rapidly gaining traction as viable alternatives to traditional high-emission components. Smart building systems, powered by the Internet of Things and artificial intelligence, are increasingly used to monitor and optimize building performance in real time, reducing operational carbon footprints and extending asset life. These technologies are not only driving sustainability but also improving project delivery timelines and cost efficiencies, making low carbon buildings more competitive in mainstream development.

Cloud-based platforms are enabling data-driven building management and compliance with environmental performance standards, making it easier for property owners to meet regulatory requirements and demonstrate sustainability credentials. As digital innovation continues to penetrate the construction ecosystem, collaboration among architects, engineers, developers, and material suppliers is becoming more seamless, accelerating the adoption of integrated low carbon solutions across all building types. The convergence of technological scalability, cost-effectiveness, and environmental benefits is firmly positioning innovation as the cornerstone of long-term growth in the North America low carbon building market. As of 2024, over 65 percent of new commercial buildings in major North American cities utilize some form of smart building technology to optimize energy performance, according to data from municipal building registries and utility providers.

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Key Market Challenges

High Upfront Capital Costs and Financial Barriers to Adoption

One of the foremost challenges confronting the North America low carbon building market is the high upfront capital cost associated with sustainable construction, which significantly hinders widespread adoption among developers, contractors, and property owners. While low carbon buildings typically deliver superior long-term returns through reduced operational expenses, the initial investment required for green technologies, energy-efficient materials, and advanced design features often exceeds traditional construction budgets by a substantial margin. This cost differential is primarily driven by the need for specialized equipment, custom engineering, skilled labor, and compliance with stringent sustainability certifications. For small to mid-sized developers and contractors with limited access to financing, these elevated capital requirements can render low carbon projects financially unfeasible, especially in regions lacking strong governmental incentives or rebate programs. Furthermore, the financial sector remains cautious in allocating funding to green construction, as lenders and investors often perceive sustainable projects as higher risk due to unfamiliarity with new technologies and uncertainty around payback periods. This perception persists despite growing evidence that low carbon buildings provide superior asset performance and tenant retention over time.

The challenge is compounded by limited access to performance-based financing mechanisms, such as green bonds or energy savings performance contracts, particularly outside of major urban centers. In the absence of scalable financing models and transparent valuation metrics for energy-efficient assets, the financial burden of building low carbon infrastructure continues to fall disproportionately on early adopters. Insurance premiums and underwriting standards have yet to evolve in a way that appropriately accounts for the reduced risk profiles of resilient, energy-efficient buildings. This creates a systemic barrier to scaling sustainable construction practices across residential, commercial, and institutional segments. Addressing this challenge requires coordinated efforts to standardize sustainability valuation, improve access to targeted financing, and expand incentive structures so that the long-term benefits of low carbon construction are accessible to a broader range of stakeholders in the North America building industry.

Fragmented Regulatory Landscape and Inconsistent Building Code Enforcement

The North America low carbon building market faces a significant hurdle in the form of a fragmented regulatory landscape characterized by varying building codes, environmental mandates, and enforcement standards across jurisdictions. The lack of a unified framework for sustainable construction across the United States and Canada creates a complex and inconsistent policy environment that confuses stakeholders and impedes the widespread adoption of low carbon building practices. While some regions have enacted aggressive energy codes and emissions reduction targets, others continue to operate under outdated or voluntary guidelines that lack enforcement mechanisms. This uneven regulatory terrain means that developers and builders operating across multiple jurisdictions must navigate a patchwork of conflicting requirements, leading to inefficiencies in project design, approval timelines, and construction practices.

Building code updates in many municipalities often lag behind technological advancements, delaying the integration of emerging low carbon materials and construction methods. Even where progressive policies exist, enforcement remains inconsistent due to varying levels of institutional capacity, training, and resources among local code officials and inspectors. This undermines policy effectiveness and allows non-compliant buildings to enter the market, diluting the impact of sustainability initiatives. The absence of federal-level mandates or harmonized standards for carbon performance in buildings weakens the overall market signal, resulting in uncertainty among investors, developers, and material suppliers. Smaller municipalities in particular may lack the administrative capability or political will to enforce low carbon mandates, thereby creating a two-tiered market in which compliance is dependent on geography rather than technical feasibility. The lack of standardization also limits the scalability of innovative products and services, as manufacturers and technology providers must tailor solutions to meet diverse regulatory criteria, increasing costs and complexity. In order to unlock the full potential of the North America low carbon building market, there is an urgent need for intergovernmental collaboration to align building codes, establish clear performance benchmarks, and create consistent enforcement protocols that ensure transparency, accountability, and a level playing field across the region.

Supply Chain Constraints and Limited Availability of Low Carbon Materials

The limited availability and high variability of low carbon construction materials present a critical challenge to the advancement of the North America low carbon building market. As demand for environmentally sustainable building solutions grows, the supply chains responsible for producing and distributing essential low carbon materials such as recycled steel, cross-laminated timber, bio-based insulation, and carbon-reducing cement alternatives are struggling to scale at pace. A key issue lies in the nascent stage of many green material technologies, which are often produced in smaller quantities by specialized manufacturers with limited geographic distribution, making them more expensive and less accessible compared to conventional counterparts. This restricted supply not only increases procurement costs but also lengthens project timelines due to delays in material availability. The lack of standardization in performance testing and certification for emerging low carbon products contributes to uncertainty among architects, engineers, and builders, who are hesitant to specify unproven materials that may not comply with local codes or perform reliably under site-specific conditions.

The challenge is further compounded by insufficient investment in research and development for alternative construction materials, as well as inadequate infrastructure for recycling and reprocessing building components at scale. In North America, much of the construction material supply chain remains optimized for traditional high-emission products, limiting the market penetration of sustainable alternatives. Transportation emissions and logistical inefficiencies further undermine the carbon advantages of imported low carbon materials, making local sourcing a critical yet underdeveloped priority. Furthermore, a shortage of skilled labor familiar with handling and installing next-generation materials adds to the implementation risk for project developers and contractors. Addressing these supply chain barriers will require coordinated investment in green manufacturing capacity, support for material innovation hubs, and enhanced collaboration between material producers, design professionals, and regulatory bodies. Without a more resilient, diversified, and accessible supply ecosystem, the cost-effective and timely delivery of low carbon building projects across North America will remain a substantial obstacle.

Key Market Trends

Integration of Passive Design Strategies in New Construction

A rising trend in the North America low carbon building market is the increased integration of passive design strategies aimed at reducing energy consumption through architectural form, orientation, and material selection rather than reliance on mechanical systems. Developers and architects are increasingly leveraging natural lighting, thermal mass, insulation, solar shading, and ventilation to passively regulate indoor temperatures and enhance occupant comfort while minimizing operational emissions. Passive design principles are gaining traction not only in high-end custom homes but also in multifamily housing, educational institutions, and commercial buildings due to their cost-effectiveness over the building lifecycle.

By orienting structures to maximize solar gain in winter and minimize it in summer, integrating high-performance windows, and using building envelopes designed for airtightness, these approaches significantly reduce energy loads without increasing mechanical complexity. The trend is further supported by growing awareness of climate-responsive design in architectural education and professional certifications. Municipal building authorities in cities such as Vancouver and New York are incentivizing passive house standards through expedited permitting and density bonuses. Additionally, the reduced long-term operating costs of passive buildings are attracting real estate investors seeking stable returns and energy resilience. As carbon performance metrics become more embedded in local planning policies, passive design is transitioning from a niche innovation to a mainstream practice. This trend is expected to intensify as the building industry seeks practical, replicable, and low-maintenance solutions to meet emissions targets across residential and commercial sectors.

Growing Role of Digital Twin Technology in Sustainable Building Management

Digital twin technology is emerging as a transformative trend within the North America low carbon building market, enabling stakeholders to optimize building performance, resource use, and carbon intensity through real-time virtual modeling. A digital twin is a dynamic, data-driven virtual replica of a physical building that continuously integrates inputs from sensors, building management systems, weather data, and occupancy patterns to simulate, monitor, and predict performance. Developers and facility managers are increasingly using this technology to model energy consumption scenarios, track emissions, and test retrofit strategies without disrupting operations or incurring physical costs. By enabling proactive maintenance, fine-tuned HVAC control, and intelligent lighting strategies, digital twins help reduce operational emissions and improve indoor environmental quality.

The rise of cloud computing, the Internet of Things, and machine learning tools has accelerated the adoption of digital twin platforms, especially in large commercial and institutional buildings. This trend aligns with corporate sustainability goals, as businesses look for verifiable, data-backed ways to reduce their carbon footprint while improving asset efficiency. Municipal governments are also investing in digital twin applications for public infrastructure, using them to support low carbon urban planning and energy grid integration. The ability to simulate a building’s full lifecycle emissions—from construction through operation to demolition—makes digital twins a powerful tool in advancing embodied and operational carbon reduction goals. As software platforms mature and interoperability standards improve, digital twin adoption is expected to expand across new construction, retrofits, and portfolio-wide asset management.

Expansion of Carbon-Neutral and Net-Zero Energy Building Certifications

The North America low carbon building market is witnessing a marked shift toward carbon-neutral and net-zero energy building certifications as project owners seek credible, performance-based validation of their sustainability commitments. These certifications—such as net-zero energy certification, zero carbon certification, and energy-positive building recognition—are increasingly influencing design specifications, construction practices, and leasing decisions. Driven by rising investor pressure, tenant demand for environmentally responsible buildings, and regulatory incentives, developers are incorporating advanced systems such as high-efficiency insulation, photovoltaic solar panels, geothermal heating and cooling, and energy recovery ventilators to meet these rigorous standards.

Certification bodies are responding to market demand by refining frameworks that measure both operational and embodied carbon, providing clear pathways for compliance while accommodating a broader range of building types. This trend is particularly visible in public and institutional construction, where government procurement policies are mandating carbon-neutral targets for new developments and major renovations. Additionally, multinational corporations and real estate investment trusts are pursuing portfolio-wide decarbonization, using certification as a benchmarking tool to improve transparency and attract climate-conscious tenants. The growing availability of materials with Environmental Product Declarations and verified carbon footprints is also enabling project teams to meet certification criteria with greater accuracy. As the market matures, certified carbon-neutral and net-zero buildings are becoming preferred assets, commanding higher valuations, better financing terms, and enhanced reputational benefits. This shift is accelerating the normalization of high-performance standards throughout the construction value chain in North America.

Segmental Insights

Type Insights

In 2024, the Energy-Efficient Materials segment dominated the North America Low Carbon Building Market and is expected to maintain its leadership throughout the forecast period, driven by robust demand across both new construction and retrofit projects. This segment includes advanced insulation products, high-performance windows, recycled and locally sourced building materials, and structural components designed to minimize embodied and operational carbon. The prominence of energy-efficient materials stems from their foundational role in reducing building energy consumption and meeting stringent building energy codes enforced across various jurisdictions in the United States and Canada. These materials form the first line of defense in limiting thermal loss, reducing reliance on mechanical heating and cooling systems, and enabling projects to achieve low carbon targets cost-effectively.

Public and private sector initiatives promoting net-zero energy and carbon-neutral construction have made the integration of energy-efficient materials a prerequisite for certification eligibility and incentive qualification. With governments introducing mandatory energy benchmarking, performance standards, and tax rebates for energy retrofits, the demand for high-performance insulation, aerated concrete, low-emissivity glazing, and other low carbon construction materials has surged significantly. Building owners and developers are prioritizing material choices with Environmental Product Declarations and third-party sustainability labels to meet procurement guidelines and tenant expectations.

The supply chain for energy-efficient materials has matured, making products more affordable and widely accessible across North America. Large-scale adoption in commercial real estate, residential developments, educational institutions, and public infrastructure has further reinforced the segment’s dominance. As cities tighten their emissions targets for the built environment, energy-efficient materials will continue to be the cornerstone of design strategies, ensuring that this segment sustains its market leadership over the coming years. In 2024, energy-efficient materials accounted for over 40 percent of the total value contribution to the North America low carbon building market, underscoring their critical role in shaping sustainable construction practices.

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Country Insights

Largest Country

In 2024, the United States continued to solidify its position as the dominant player in the North America low carbon building market, driven by a combination of regulatory mandates, technological innovation, and substantial investment in sustainable construction. Federal and state-level policies aimed at reducing carbon emissions in the built environment, such as stricter energy codes and building performance standards, have significantly accelerated the adoption of low carbon practices across residential, commercial, and institutional sectors. Major urban centers including New York City, Los Angeles, and Chicago have implemented localized climate action plans that prioritize energy-efficient building design, retrofitting of existing structures, and the integration of renewable energy systems.

Tax incentives and government-backed financing options have encouraged private sector participation, while institutional investors and real estate developers increasingly demand carbon-resilient properties with long-term operational cost savings. The presence of a mature construction ecosystem, along with access to advanced building materials and digital technologies, has enabled the United States to lead in innovation and scale. Additionally, the growing emphasis on green building certifications and disclosure requirements has made low carbon design a competitive advantage in the real estate sector. As a result, the United States remains at the forefront of the North America low carbon building market, setting industry benchmarks for performance and sustainability.

Emerging Country

Canada is rapidly emerging as a key player in the North America low carbon building market, driven by a strong national commitment to environmental sustainability and aggressive climate policies. Government initiatives such as the National Building Code’s net-zero energy-ready provisions and substantial funding for green infrastructure are accelerating the transition to low carbon construction practices across provinces. Cities like Vancouver and Toronto are leading the charge with advanced green building bylaws, stringent emissions targets, and incentives for passive house and net-zero energy certifications.

Canada’s construction industry is increasingly adopting energy-efficient materials, renewable energy systems, and carbon-conscious design approaches, particularly in public and institutional projects. With growing stakeholder emphasis on decarbonization and the availability of low carbon innovation hubs, Canada is positioning itself as a major contributor to the region’s sustainable building transformation.

Recent Developments

• In November 2024, Trane Technologies and Autodesk announced a strategic collaboration to optimize commercial building design for sustainability. By integrating Trane’s TRACE® software with Autodesk Revit, the partnership aims to streamline the HVAC design process, enhance energy efficiency, and enable AI-assisted design exploration. This collaboration enhances the workflow for engineers and architects, promoting sustainable building outcomes, with the initial focus on high-BIM adoption regions like the United States and Canada.
• In May 2024, Dow Chemical International Private Limited and Glass Wall Systems India signed an agreement for Dow to supply DOWSIL™ Facade Sealants from its Decarbia™ portfolio. This collaboration aims to reduce embodied carbon in building materials, using Dow’s carbon-neutral silicone sealants. The partnership highlights Dow’s commitment to decarbonization, with products verified through PAS 2060, and Glass Wall Systems achieving carbon neutrality by sourcing low-carbon feedstocks and employing renewable energy.
• In March 2024, Johnson Controls and Mahindra Group introduced the Net Zero Buildings Initiative in India. The initiative offers a comprehensive toolkit and training to assist organizations, building owners, and facility managers in developing sustainable spaces. Its goal is to accelerate the adoption of smart and sustainable buildings, supporting India’s Net Zero targets and contributing to the nation’s efforts in achieving environmental sustainability.
• In March 2024, Trane Technologies launched a new residential product portfolio featuring highly efficient heat pumps and air conditioners with next-generation refrigerants, reducing global warming potential by 78%. This innovation supports their Gigaton Challenge, aiming to cut one billion metric tons of greenhouse gas emissions by 2030. Trane’s commitment to energy efficiency and sustainability continues to drive progress in the climate action space.

Key Market Players

• Johnson Controls International PLC
• Honeywell International Inc.
• United Technologies Corporation
• Dow Inc.
• 3M Company
• Schneider Electric SE
• Siemens AG
• Kingspan Group plc

Report Scope:

In this report, the North America Low Carbon Building Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

• North America Low Carbon Building Market, By Type:

o   Energy-Efficient Materials

o   Renewable Energy Systems

o   Low Carbon HVAC Systems

o   Green Building Certifications

o   Others              

• North America Low Carbon Building Market, By Application:

o   Commercial

o   Residential

o   Industrial

• North America Low Carbon Building Market, By Country:

o   United States

o   Canada

o   Mexico

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the North America Low Carbon Building Market.

Available Customizations:

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Company Information

• Detailed analysis and profiling of additional market players (up to five).

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