Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market - Global Industry Size, Share, Trends, Opportunity, and Forecast, Segmented By Technology (Solid DAC, Liquid DAC, Electrochemical DAC), By End User (Chemicals & Fuels, Carbon Mineralization, Oil & Gas, Others), By Region and Competition, 2020-2030F

Market Overview

Global Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market was valued at USD 52.32 Million in 2024 and is expected to reach USD 66.86 Million by 2030 with a CAGR of 4.37% during the forecast period. One of the primary drivers of the global DAC market is the growing need for carbon removal solutions. Despite ongoing efforts to reduce emissions through renewable energy adoption and energy efficiency measures, many industries, such as aviation and heavy manufacturing, continue to emit significant amounts of CO2. DAC technology provides a scalable solution for offsetting these emissions by capturing and storing CO2 or converting it into valuable products. This is critical for achieving net-zero targets and aligning with international climate agreements such as the Paris Agreement.

Despite its promising potential, the DAC market faces several challenges, most notably the high cost of operation and the energy required for CO2 capture. However, ongoing research and development efforts aim to overcome these hurdles by improving energy efficiency and scaling up DAC technologies to lower costs. In addition, the infrastructure required for CO2 transport and storage needs to be further developed to support widespread adoption.

The global DAC market is expected to witness significant growth in the coming years, driven by increasing climate action initiatives and advancements in technology. North America and Europe are currently leading the market, with several large-scale DAC facilities under development. However, the Asia-Pacific region is also emerging as a key player, as countries like Japan and South Korea invest in carbon removal technologies to meet their climate goals.

Key Market Drivers

Growth in Oil & Gas Industry

One of the key factors driving the growth of the oil and gas industry is the rising global demand for energy. As economies continue to expand, particularly in emerging markets, the need for reliable and affordable energy sources increases. Oil and gas remain critical components of the global energy mix, despite the transition toward renewable energy. Industries such as transportation, manufacturing, and power generation continue to rely heavily on fossil fuels, thereby sustaining demand for oil and gas products. This ongoing demand encourages investment in exploration, production, and infrastructure, which further drives growth within the sector.

The discovery and development of new oil and gas reserves also contribute to the industry’s growth. Guyana emerged as the country with the largest newly discovered oil and gas reserves between 2022 and 2023, with a total of 3.76 billion barrels of oil equivalent identified during this period. These discoveries position the South American nation as a potential new major player in the global oil and gas industry. As traditional reserves deplete, companies are increasingly focusing on offshore drilling, deepwater exploration, and unconventional resources such as shale gas and oil sands. These new discoveries are vital in maintaining production levels and meeting global energy needs. The development of these resources requires significant investment in infrastructure, such as pipelines, refineries, and storage facilities, which creates further opportunities for growth within the industry. Additionally, the expansion into new geographical regions opens up new markets and strengthens the global supply chain, driving further investment and growth.

Furthermore, the oil and gas industry’s integration with related sectors, such as petrochemicals, power generation, and transportation, creates additional opportunities for growth. The industry’s byproducts are critical inputs for various industries, from plastics and chemicals to fertilizers and pharmaceuticals. This interconnectedness ensures a steady demand for oil and gas products across multiple industries, supporting continued expansion.

Surge in Technological Advancements

The surge in technological advancements is a major driver of growth across various industries, revolutionizing traditional practices and fostering innovation. NEG8 Carbon, a prominent carbon capture company based in Waterford, Ireland, has implemented significant upgrades to its Direct Air Capture (DAC) system. Recognizing that merely reducing emissions is insufficient to tackle the climate challenge, the company’s innovative enhancements are designed to optimize CO₂ capture from the atmosphere, making the process both more efficient and effective. Their advanced blueprint DAC system accelerates CO₂ capture and reduces regeneration time by an impressive 90%. Moreover, improvements in the heat exchange process enhance CO₂ absorption by 50%, while cutting energy consumption by over 20%. These upgrades significantly increase the system’s efficiency and sustainability. As businesses strive to remain competitive in an increasingly digital world, the adoption of cutting-edge technologies has become essential. Advancements in artificial intelligence (AI), automation, and data analytics are enhancing operational efficiency, reducing costs, and enabling businesses to scale rapidly.

For instance, AI-powered solutions are transforming industries by optimizing processes, improving decision-making, and creating personalized customer experiences. Automation is streamlining workflows, minimizing human error, and increasing productivity across sectors such as manufacturing, logistics, and finance. Meanwhile, data analytics is providing businesses with actionable insights that drive better strategies and informed business decisions.

Furthermore, the development of cloud computing and the Internet of Things (IoT) has enabled seamless connectivity, allowing for real-time data sharing and collaboration, which is critical for global operations. These technologies are not only enhancing performance but also enabling new business models and revenue streams. TerraFixing’s Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology is specifically designed for cold, dry climates, with operational energy requirements as low as 1 MWh per metric tonne of CO2. At an electricity cost of USD 0.03 per kWh, this enables CO2 capture at a cost of under USD 40 per tonne. The technology employs a straightforward process comprising five unit operations, using proven materials under moderate temperatures and pressures to keep capital expenditures low. This makes it particularly well-suited for regions with cold, dry climates, including Canada, Norway, Alaska, Russia, Finland, Greenland, the Tibetan Plateau, and Antarctica.

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Key Market Challenges

High Operational and Capital Costs

DAC systems are highly energy-intensive, consuming substantial amounts of power to capture and process CO2. The energy demand is driven by the need to operate high-capacity fans, compressors, and other machinery to capture and concentrate CO2 from the atmosphere. Depending on the specific DAC technology used, energy consumption can account for a large portion of operational costs. If the energy is sourced from non-renewable sources, the environmental benefits of DAC could be compromised, making the technology less attractive from both a financial and sustainability standpoint.

The operational costs associated with DAC are primarily driven by the energy required to run the capture process, as well as the maintenance of the facilities. Continuous operation requires skilled labor, regular equipment maintenance, and potentially the procurement of additional materials like capture solvents or sorbents. These ongoing costs can add up quickly, making it difficult for DAC facilities to achieve profitability, particularly when compared to other carbon removal methods that may have lower operational expenditures.

The high operational and capital costs of DAC are further compounded by competition from alternative carbon removal technologies, such as nature-based solutions (e.g., afforestation, soil carbon sequestration), which generally have lower upfront and operational costs. As a result, the high cost of DAC makes it harder for the technology to compete in the global market for carbon removal solutions, especially when governments and companies are looking for cost-effective methods to meet their carbon reduction targets.

Key Market Trends

Strategic Partnerships and Investments

Strategic partnerships between DAC companies and established corporations are facilitating the development and deployment of innovative technologies. In 2020, both government and industry collectively pledged nearly USD 4 billion to support Direct Air Capture (DAC) initiatives. Corporations including Microsoft, Stripe, and United Airlines have made investments in early-stage projects, while start-ups such as Carbon Engineering Ltd, based in Canada, and Climeworks AG, based in Switzerland, have each secured over USD 100 million in funding.

Another key aspect of the growing trend of strategic partnerships and investments is the influx of capital from both public and private sectors. In the United States, the Department of Energy (DOE) has committed substantial financial support for DAC projects, recognizing their potential in achieving net-zero emissions targets. Additionally, venture capitalists and private investors are increasingly recognizing DAC as a high-value sector, providing critical funding to accelerate research and development, as well as infrastructure development. These investments are instrumental in enhancing DAC technology's cost-effectiveness and scalability, making it more feasible for large-scale deployment.

Strategic partnerships also extend to the carbon credit market, where DAC companies are aligning with environmental organizations and policymakers to create frameworks for carbon offset programs. By integrating DAC into carbon markets, these partnerships facilitate the purchase of carbon removal credits, which businesses can use to meet their sustainability goals. This trend is pivotal in driving the demand for DAC services, incentivizing companies to invest in and scale these technologies further.

Segmental Insights

Technology Insights

Based on Technology, Solid DAC have emerged as the fastest growing segment in the Global Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market in 2024. Solid DAC systems generally have lower capital and operational costs compared to their liquid-based counterparts. The use of solid sorbents, which are more stable and require fewer chemicals for regeneration, reduces both the initial setup cost and ongoing maintenance expenses. These cost advantages make solid DAC more attractive to investors and operators seeking to deploy scalable solutions for carbon capture at competitive prices.

Solid DAC systems are easier to scale up compared to liquid-based technologies. They can be deployed in modular units, which allows for incremental expansion as demand and funding increase. This flexibility makes solid DAC technology highly adaptable to different geographic locations and operational requirements. Its scalability is particularly important for addressing global carbon removal targets, as it can be expanded to meet the growing need for large-scale CO2 removal.

End User Insights

Based on End User, Chemicals & Fuels have emerged as the fastest growing segment in the Global Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market during the forecast period. One of the key factors driving the rapid expansion of DAC in the chemicals and fuels sector is the increasing demand for low-carbon and carbon-neutral products. As industries within the chemicals and fuels market face mounting pressure to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions, DAC provides a viable solution for capturing and sequestering CO₂, allowing companies to produce more sustainable products. DAC enables the creation of synthetic fuels and chemicals with a significantly lower environmental impact, which is essential for companies aiming to meet net-zero emissions targets.

DAC is increasingly being integrated into the production of synthetic fuels, particularly in the creation of green hydrogen and carbon-neutral fuels. By capturing CO₂ from the atmosphere, DAC systems enable the conversion of this captured carbon into valuable chemicals and fuels, such as methanol or synthetic gasoline. This process not only provides a renewable source of carbon but also helps address the challenges associated with the carbon intensity of traditional fuel production methods. This innovation has led to an accelerated adoption of DAC technologies in the fuels sector, positioning it as a key driver of market growth.

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Regional Insights

Based on Region, North America have emerged as the dominating region in the Global Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market in 2024. Significant investment from major corporations, such as Microsoft, Stripe, and United Airlines, as well as government support, has accelerated the growth of DAC technologies. These investments not only fund the commercialization of DAC solutions but also contribute to scaling up infrastructure, enabling more widespread adoption. Additionally, start-ups in North America, like Carbon Engineering and Climeworks, have raised millions in funding, positioning the region at the forefront of DAC innovation.

Furthermore, the U.S. and Canadian governments have implemented policies and incentives that encourage the development and deployment of DAC technologies. The U.S. Infrastructure Investment and Jobs Act, for example, includes provisions for funding carbon capture technologies, reinforcing North America’s leadership in the sector.

Recent Development

• In September 2023, NETL launched a four-year initiative aimed at developing an advanced Direct Air Capture (DAC) process. This project leverages the Lab's expertise in materials design, computational materials science, computational fluid dynamics, and process system design to drive the development of cutting-edge technology for removing carbon dioxide (CO2) from the atmosphere. Unlike point-source capture, which captures CO2 at power plants or industrial facilities, DAC technologies use sorbents to directly extract CO2 from the air. While point-source capture remains essential for decarbonization efforts, DAC technology will play a crucial role in mitigating emissions from hard-to-decarbonize sectors such as agriculture, shipping, and aviation, as well as addressing legacy emissions.
• In November 2023, RepAir, a leading innovator in Direct Air Capture (DAC) technology that captures more CO2 with less effort, announced the debut of its field prototype, showcasing the technical performance of its carbon capture solution in an operational setting for the first time. This milestone signifies the company’s achievement of Technology Readiness Level (TRL) 6, marking a crucial advancement toward market readiness. With nearly 40 gigatons of CO2 released into the atmosphere annually, exacerbating the global climate crisis, “hard-to-abate” sectors such as air travel, steel, and cement manufacturing will continue to rely on non-renewable energy, creating a persistent 15-20% emissions gap. To meet vital emissions reduction targets, including achieving net-zero emissions by 2050, the global community must increasingly adopt large-scale carbon-negative solutions and offset remaining emissions through carbon storage and credits. In this context, bringing affordable and scalable DAC technology to market is imperative. However, despite the growing need for DAC solutions, current models face challenges such as high energy requirements, costly inputs, and the inability to address key technical barriers—namely continuous operation, location flexibility, and minimal maintenance—at the gigaton scale.
• In April 2024, Mitsubishi Corporation announced its involvement in advancing Direct Air Capture (DAC) technologies through a project in Louisiana, USA. The initiative sees Mitsubishi Corporation collaborating with several third-party DAC technology providers to identify innovative solutions aimed at significantly reducing costs. The focus is on accelerating the technology's development through comprehensive evaluations and engineering work, with the ultimate goal of enabling the early commercialization of DAC. The project is being conducted in partnership with Shell US Gas & Power (referred to as "Shell"), which is leading the overall engineering and deployment efforts. The scope of the project includes a feasibility study that assesses the performance of various DAC technologies through demonstrations, supports DAC technology companies in their design and deployment efforts, invests in select DAC technologies, and explores opportunities to minimize the energy, water, and land resources required for carbon removal. Additionally, the project aims to define the technological requirements for scaling DAC deployment in the future.
• In March 2023, Baker Hughes, a prominent energy technology firm, and HIF Global, the global leader in eFuels, revealed their strategic partnership aimed at advancing technology for capturing carbon dioxide directly from the atmosphere, known as Direct Air Capture (DAC). The collaboration focuses on testing Baker Hughes' Mosaic DAC technology pilot units, with the goal of accelerating the commercialization and large-scale deployment of DAC systems. This partnership reflects a commitment to developing innovative solutions for carbon removal at scale to address climate challenges.

Key Market Players

• Climeworks AG
• Carbon Engineering ULC.
• Heirloom Carbon Technologies, Inc.
• Soletair Power
• CarbonCapture Inc.
• Avnos, Inc.
• Skytree
• RepAir Carbon US Inc.
• Carbyon                    
• Zero Carbon Systems

Report Scope

In this report, the Global Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market has been segmented into the following categories, in addition to the industry trends which have also been detailed below:

• Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market, By Technology:

o   Solid DAC

o   Liquid DAC

o   Electrochemical DAC

• Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market, By End User:

o   Chemicals & Fuels

o   Carbon Mineralization

o   Oil & Gas

o   Others

• Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market, By Region:

o   North America

§  United States

§  Canada

§  Mexico

o   Europe

§  France

§  United Kingdom

§  Italy

§  Germany

§  Spain

o   Asia Pacific

§  China

§  India

§  Japan

§  Australia

§  South Korea

o   South America

§  Brazil

§  Argentina

§  Colombia

o   Middle East & Africa

§  South Africa

§  Saudi Arabia

§  UAE

Competitive Landscape

Company Profiles: Detailed analysis of the major companies present in the Global Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market.

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Global Direct Air Capture (DAC) Market report with the given market data, TechSci Research offers customizations according to a company's specific needs. The following customization options are available for the report:

Company Information

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